Stock Photo - NASA research pilot Bill Dana is seen here next to the X_15 3 56_6672 rocket_powered aircraft after a flight.William H. Dana is Chief Engineer at NASA´s Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. Formerly an aerospace research pilot at Dryden, Dana flew the F_15 HIDEC research aircraft and the Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F_16 aircraft. Dana flew the famed X_15 research airplane 16 times, reaching a top speed of 3,897 miles per hour and a peak altitude of 306,900 feet over 58 miles high. The X_15 research aircraft was developed to provide in_flight information and data on aerodynamics, structures, flight controls, and the physiological aspects of high_speed, high_altitude flight. A follow on program used the aircraft as a testbed to carry various scientific experiments beyond the Earth´s atmosphere on a repeated basis.The X_15 was a rocket_powered aircraft 50 ft long with a wingspan of 22 ft. It was a missile_shaped vehicle with an unusual wedge_shaped vertical tail, thin stubby wings, and unique side fairings that extended along the side of the fuselage. The X_15 weighed about 14,000 lb empty and approximately 34,000 lb at launch. The XLR_99 rocket engine, manufactured by Thiokol Chemical Corp., was pilot controlled and was capable of developing 57,000 lb of thrust. North American Aviation built three X_15 aircraft for the program.For flight in the dense air of the usable atmosphere, the X_15 used conventional aerodynamic controls such as rudder surfaces on the vertical stabilizers to control yaw and movable horizontal stabilizers to control pitch when moving in synchronization or roll when moved differentially. For flight in the thin air outside of the appreciable Earth´s atmosphere, the X_15 used a reaction control system. Hydrogen peroxide thrust rockets located on the nose of the aircraft provided pitch and yaw control. Those on the wings provided roll control.Because of the large fuel consumption, the X_15 was air launched from a B_52 aircraft at 45,000 ft and a speed of about 500 mph. Depending on the mission, the rocket engine provided thrust for the first 80 to 120 sec of flight. The remainder of the normal 10 to 11 min. flight was powerless and ended with a 200_mph glide landing.Generally, one of two types of X_15 flight profiles was used, a high_altitude flight plan that called for the pilot to maintain a steep rate of climb, or a speed profile that called for the pilot to push over and maintain a level altitude. The X_15 was flown over a period of nearly 10 years __ June 1959 to Oct. 1968 __ and set the world´s unofficial speed and altitude records of 4,520 mph Mach 6.7 and 354,200 ft in a program to investigate all aspects of manned hypersonic flight. Information gained from the highly successful X_15 program contributed to the development of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo manned spaceflight programs, and also the Space Shuttle program.The X_15s made a total of 199 flights, and were manufactured by North American Aviation. X_15_1, serial number 56_6670, is now located at the National Air and Space Museum, Washington DC.North American X_15A_2, serial number 56_6671, is at the United States Air Force Museum, Wright_Patterson AFB, Ohio.X_15_3, serial number 56_6672, crashed on 15 November 1967, resulting in the death of Maj. Michael J. Adams.