Stock Photo - The portrait of Thjia inside Rumah Keluarga Tjhia (Tjhia's villa), Singkawang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia The Chinese diaspora in Indonesia is a significant part of the ethnic Chinese population in the modern Indonesian nation. According to 2010 Indonesian census data, the population of Chinese Indonesians is 1,843,054 or approximately 1.22% of Indonesia's total population. Early Chinese migration The Chinese community in Indonesia has a long history, starting with traders from southern China during the 13th century. It was followed by migration of Hokkien and Hakka environment they are found in Indonesia today. During the Dutch colonial rule, the Chinese immigrants were required to apply letter of residence. The number of Chinese since 1800 has always been greater than other foreign immigrants, apart from the European. Indonesian massacres Despite significant early Chinese migration prior to the 1960s, the ethnic Chinese population which survived until that time was a small part of the entire population. From the 1960s to the late 1990s, under President Suharto's New Order, the Chinese Indonesian population grew more noticeably. This population have been greatly affected by the anti-Chinese violence of 1967–1968, particularly in West Kalimantan. Chinese Indonesians were forced to face government rules of assimilation, and were also required to be Licensed Cathay Ethnic Chinese Citizen